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Effect of graywater irrigation on soil quality and fate and transport of surfactants in soil

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dc.contributor.authorNegahban Azar, Masoud, author
dc.contributor.authorSharvelle, Sybil, advisor
dc.contributor.authorCarlson, Kenneth, committee member
dc.contributor.authorStromberger, Mary, committee member
dc.contributor.authorDurnford, Deanna, committee member
dc.date.accessioned2007-01-03T08:11:24Z
dc.date.available2007-01-03T08:11:24Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstractWhile interest in and adoption of graywater reuse for irrigation has rapidly grown in recent years, little is known about the long-term effects of graywater irrigation. Concerns exist in relation to the presence of pathogenic organisms, fate of personal care products, and accumulation of salts. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the long-term effects of graywater irrigation to soil quality. The specific objectives were to evaluate the effects of graywater application on physical and chemical quality of soil, including surfactants, salts and boron accumulation, organic matter leaching and soil hydrodynamic properties in real environment in the field, in controlled environment in the greenhouse and column studies. In addition, fate and transport of surfactants in soil were investigated including how surfactant characteristics impacts mobility in soil of varying types. Graywater irrigation was found to significantly increase sodium in soil at households with graywater systems in place for more than five years; however SAR was not high enough in any of the sampling locations to raise concern about soil quality or plant health. There is a potential for salts, N, and B to leach through soil when graywater is applied for irrigation. A portion of the applied N is assimilated by plants, but leaching of N was observed. Graywater irrigation was also found to significantly increase surfactants in soil. Surfactants mainly accumulated in surface soil (0-15 cm) compared to depth soil. While surfactants have high sorption capacity due to their hydrophobic characteristics, they can be transported through soil if a large amount of water is applied. Among the surfactants measured in this study, AS and AES had the highest mobility. Mobility of surfactants in soil decreased when their number of ethoxylated groups increased. Adding organic matter to the soil increased sorption capacity of soil, as a result, more surfactants retained in the soil columns. Antimicrobials, including triclosan and triclocarban were detected in graywater irrigated areas only in surface soil samples, but not freshwater irrigated areas.
dc.format.mediumborn digital
dc.format.mediumdoctoral dissertations
dc.identifierNegahbanAzar_colostate_0053A_11335.pdf
dc.identifierETDF2012400348CVEE
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10217/68187
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherColorado State University. Libraries
dc.relationwwdl
dc.relation.ispartof2000-2019
dc.rightsCopyright and other restrictions may apply. User is responsible for compliance with all applicable laws. For information about copyright law, please see https://libguides.colostate.edu/copyright.
dc.subjectsurfactants
dc.subjectgraywater
dc.subjectsoil quality
dc.subjectirrigation
dc.titleEffect of graywater irrigation on soil quality and fate and transport of surfactants in soil
dc.typeText
dcterms.rights.dplaThis Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights (https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/). You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
thesis.degree.disciplineCivil and Environmental Engineering
thesis.degree.grantorColorado State University
thesis.degree.levelDoctoral
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

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